What is Python

Python is a high-level programming language that is designed to be easy to read and write. It emphasizes simplicity and readability in its syntax, making it a popular choice for both beginners and experienced programmers. Python supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming.

It's used for various tasks like web development, data analysis, automation, and more. Python code is easy to understand due to its clear syntax, making it a preferred choice for both beginners and experts.

How to Install Python On Windows and Linux?

a) For Windows Installation you can go to Python's official website python.org/downloads and Download Python 3.11.5 version (the latest version)

b) Python version is 3.11.5

c) You also can Install Visual Studio code to run Python script easily, as in VS Code the Python extension is also available which makes writing very easy.

d) From this website you can download code.visualstudio.com/download VS code as per your requirement.

Check the Python version, by typing python in the terminal or VSC

Let's start writing out the first Python code

Example:1

print("Hello Dosto")
print("Learning python")

Example:2

Addition of two numbers

num1=2
num2=5
sum= num1+num2
print(sum)

Example 3:

Taking the values as input to perform calculator actions

num1=input("enter the number")
num2=input("enter the second number")
sum= num1+num2
print(sum)

See the output in invalid for the addition operation, because here num1, num2 and sum are of string data type

How to check the data type of a variable

print(type(num1),type(num2),type(sum))

Now we will convert the data type from String to numeric (Int, float) by using typecasting

Typecasting

Converting one type of data type into another is called Typecasting

Add int or float before input followed by open and closed ()

num1=int(input("enter the number"))
num2=input(("enter the second number"))
sum= num1+num2
print(sum)
print(type(num1),type(num2),type(sum))

If you run the script now the data type is changed to numeric(int) and the sum is accurate

Example 3:

Taking the values as input to perform calculator actions by choice

num1=int(input("Enter the number:"))
num2=int(input("Enter the second number:"))
choice = input("Enter the operation + - * /")
if choice == "+":
    sum= num1+num2
    print(sum)
elif choice == "-":
    diff= num1-num2
    print(diff)
elif choice == "/":
    div= num1/num2
    print(div)
elif choice == "*":
    mul=num1*num2    
    print(mul)
else:
    print("invalid choice")

Data Structure and Algorithms In Python

Data Types	Classes	Description
String	str	Holds a sequence of characters
Numeric	int, float, complex	Holds numeric values
Boolean	bool	Holds either True or False
Sequence	list, tuple, range	Holds a collection of items
Mapping	dict	Holds data in key-value pair form
Set	set, frozenness	Holds a collection of unique items

name="rjthapaa"
age=27
price=99.99
foodie=True
print("hi",name,"your age is",age)
print(type(name))
print(type(age))
print(type(price))
print(type(foodie))

String Data Type:

name=("rjthapaa")
print("hello",name) 
print (type(name))

Numeric Data Type:

num1= 70
num2= 0.00
print (type(num1))
print (type(num2))

Sequence (List Data Type):

The list is a data structure, which can hold different types of data variables. Meanwhile, an array is a collection of data of a similar type.

A list is an ordered collection of similar or different types of items separated by commas and enclosed within brackets [ ].

Example1:

list_of_num= []
print(type(list_of_num))

Output: <class 'list'>

Example2:

list_of_num= []
list_of_num.append(1)
list_of_num.append(2)
list_of_num.append(["rjthapaa"])
print(list_of_num)

Output: [1,2,'rjthapaa']

Example3:

list_of_cloud= ["AWS","AZURE","ORACLE","GCP"]
list_of_env= ["Prod","Dev","Test"]
print(list_of_cloud)
print(list_of_cloud[0])
print(list_of_env[1])

To access items from a list, we use the index number (0, 1, 2 ...)

Example 4:

list_of_cloud= ["AWS","AZURE","ORACLE","GCP"]
list_of_env= ["Prod","Dev","Test"]
print(list_of_cloud)
for i is list_of_cloud:
    if i == "AWS":
      print ("Aws is best cloud")

Tuple Data Type

A tuple is an ordered sequence of items same as a list. The only difference is that tuples are immutable. Tuples once created cannot be modified.

We use the parentheses () to store items of a tuple.

cities= ("India","Japan","Singapore")
print(cities[0])
print(cities[2])

Mapping (Dictionary Data Type):

Python dictionary is an ordered collection of items. It stores elements in key/value pairs. Keys are unique identifiers that are associated with each value.

dict_of_cloud= {"India":"Newdelhi","Japan":"Tokyo","Singapore":"puro"}
print(dict_of_cloud["India"])
#print(dict_of_cloud.get("Japan","not found"))
dict_of_cloud.update({"china":"beijing"})
print(dict_of_cloud)

Set Data Type:

The Set is an unordered collection of unique items. Set is defined by values separated by

commas inside braces { }

Set_of_IDs= {112.113.114}
print(set_of_IDS)
print(type(set_of_IDS))

Output: 112,113.,114
<class 'set'>